Diabetes is no longer a definitive reason to stop hormone therapy. Many medical professionals, and diabetic women themselves, are not aware that this is the case. Many medical professionals, and diabetic women themselves, are still unaware that this is the case. Keep reading below and find out the reasons. Type 2 diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in the United States.
Large randomized controlled trials suggest that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) delays the onset of type 2 diabetes in women. However, the mechanisms and clinical implications of this association remain controversial. This review provides an updated analysis and integration of epidemiological, clinical, and basic studies, and proposes a mechanized explanation of the effect of menopause and hormonal hormone therapy on the development and prevention of type 2 diabetes. We analyze the beneficial effects of endogenous estradiol with respect to insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and glucose efficacy; we also analyze energy expenditure and adipose distribution, which are affected by menopause and improve with MHT, reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes.
We reconciled the differences between studies that investigated the effect of menopausal formulations and MHT on type 2 diabetes. We argue that the discrepancies are due to physiological differences between the methods used to evaluate glucose homeostasis, ranging from clinical indices of insulin sensitivity to steady-state methods for evaluating insulin action. We also analyzed the influence of the route of administration of estrogen and the addition of progestins. We conclude that, while MHT is not approved or appropriate for the prevention of type 2 diabetes due to its complex balance of risks and benefits, it should not be denied to women at higher risk of type 2 diabetes who seek treatment for menopausal symptoms.
In summary, evidence suggests that estrogen therapy improves glucose homeostasis and reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes in women by improving the elimination of non-insulin-dependent glucose or glucose efficacy and promoting better suppression of HGP in ways that are not detected by the steady-state of the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Both studies indicate that glycemic control is affected and can be improved in women with type 2 diabetes who receive hormone replacement therapy. This is because diabetes is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and hormonal hormone therapy is also believed to do the same. Both the type 1 diabetes (DM1) group and the type 2 diabetes (DM2) group consisted of a hormone replacement intervention (HRT) group and a comparison group (placebo).
Perhaps not surprisingly, due to the lack of empirical evidence detailing the effects of hormonal hormone therapy on glycemic control, evidence-based guidelines on how to treat glycemia during menopause in women with type 1 diabetes are not available. Insulin resistance can be modified by hormone therapy, but to date, much of the evidence related to hormone replacement therapy in diabetes has been extrapolated to non-diabetic women. Studies have indicated that hormonal hormone therapy appears to reduce glycemic control, as indicated by glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).) in women with type 2 diabetes. It has been proposed that, for women with type 1 diabetes, the management of menopause is more complex due to changes in their physical and psychological state that affect their glycemic control.
There is conflicting literature on the use of hormone replacement therapy in women with type 1 diabetes, and this literature has never been systematically searched, retrieved or reviewed. We suggest that you discuss the possibility of hormone replacement therapy with your family doctor or team specializing in diabetes, who can explain the risks and benefits to you, taking into account all aspects of your medical history. There is some evidence to suggest that hormone replacement therapy may be beneficial in treating menopausal symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes. No interaction between type of diabetes (DM1 or DM2) and treatment (HRT or placebo) reached statistical significance for any of the variables analyzed.
